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Iterate over multivariate polynomials over finite fields

asked 5 years ago

philipp7 gravatar image

updated 0 years ago

FrédéricC gravatar image

Say we have a finite field, e.g. F4, and consider the n-ary polynomials R=F4[x1,,xn] over this field. I want to iterate over all these polynomials in R. Since the polynomials are over a finite field there are only finitely many different polynomials (considered as functions Fn4F4). How can I do this? For n=1 I could do

R.<x> = PolynomialRing(GF(4))
S.<a> = R.quo(sage.rings.ideal.FieldIdeal(R))
S.is_finite()

Then I could iterate over S and simply lift all the elements from S back to R, i.e. s.lift(). The same thing however does not work for several polynomials:

R.<x,y> = PolynomialRing(GF(4))
S.<a,b> = R.quo(sage.rings.ideal.FieldIdeal(R))
S.is_finite()

yields the error

AttributeError: 'super' object has no attribute 'is_finite'

As an alternative I could manually generate all multivariate polynomials with exponents less than the order of the field. However, this seems quite tedious and like a very "un-sage"/not algebraic way.

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answered 5 years ago

rburing gravatar image

A vector space basis for R/I is also called a normal basis for I. You can obtain it as follows:

sage: R.<x,y> = PolynomialRing(GF(4))
sage: NB = sage.rings.ideal.FieldIdeal(R).normal_basis(); NB
[x^3*y^3, x^2*y^3, x*y^3, y^3, x^3*y^2, x^2*y^2, x*y^2, y^2, x^3*y, x^2*y, x*y, y, x^3, x^2, x, 1]

Then you want to give these monomials all possible coefficients:

sage: from itertools import product
sage: [sum(c*m for (c,m) in zip(C,NB)) for C in product(R.base_ring(), repeat=len(NB))]

The output consists of 416=4294967296 polynomials.

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Asked: 5 years ago

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Last updated: Mar 02 '20