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Overloading the binary operation of symmetric groups to reverse the order

asked 2018-12-11 16:49:40 +0100

Gonneman gravatar image

updated 2023-01-09 23:59:48 +0100

tmonteil gravatar image

I believe the Sage implementation of symmetric groups uses GAP which composes permutations in the opposite order to what I am used to. E.g. if (1,2) denotes the permutations switching 1 and 2, and (2,3) switches 2 and 3, then I would say (1,2) * (2,3) = (1,2,3), because I would first evaluate (2,3) and then (1,2) (the order in which one evaluates functions). Sage on the other hand produces (1,2) * (2,3) = (1,3,2).

About a year ago, a friend helped me overload the definition of the binary operation to have the composition of permutations evaluated in the order I am used to. The code that worked was

class NewSymmetricGroupElement(sage.groups.perm_gps.permgroup_element.SymmetricGroupElement):
    def _mul_(self, other):
        """Calling the original class method with order inverted"""
        return sage.groups.perm_gps.permgroup_element.SymmetricGroupElement._mul_(other, self)

class NewSymmetricGroup(SymmetricGroup):
def _element_class(self):
    return NewSymmetricGroupElement

I recently updated to Sage 8.4 and the code no longer works. Here is what happens, after executing the code above, I run:

NS3=NewSymmetricGroup(3); NS3
  > Symmetric group of order 3! as a permutation group
a=NS3((1,2)); b=NS3((2,3));

a*b = (1,3,2) # I would expect (1,2,3)

Can anyone spot what I am doing wrong?

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2 Answers

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answered 2018-12-11 20:09:15 +0100

FrédéricC gravatar image

Well, this is sort of a known problem.. https://trac.sagemath.org/ticket/14885

There is something for permutations:

sage: Permutations.options(mult='r2l',display='cycle')
sage: a=Permutation([(1,2),(3,)]);a
(1,2)
sage: b=Permutation([(2,3),(1,)]);b
(2,3)
sage: a*b
(1,2,3)

But this does not seem to be available for SymmetricGroup.

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Comments

Thanks for the link to the bug report. That report also mentions setting multiplication to right-to-left (r2l), as you do, but then notes that this breaks code elsewhere. Quite unsatisfying.

I'm surprised that the _mul_ method is so hard to overload.

Gonneman gravatar imageGonneman ( 2018-12-12 10:03:41 +0100 )edit
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answered 2018-12-12 12:35:08 +0100

slelievre gravatar image

updated 2018-12-12 12:35:24 +0100

As a workaround, instead of multiplying with *, one can explicitly use right multiplication with __rmul__:

sage: S3 = SymmetricGroup(3)
sage: a = S3((1, 2))
sage: b = S3((2, 3))
sage: a * b
(1,3,2)
sage: a.__rmul__(b)
(1,2,3)
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Asked: 2018-12-11 16:49:40 +0100

Seen: 415 times

Last updated: Dec 12 '18