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Extension field adjoining two roots

asked 2017-12-31 02:49:21 +0100

Rodrigo Raya gravatar image

updated 2017-12-31 18:04:57 +0100

I'm trying to construct given an irreducible polynomial $f \in \mathbb{Q}[X]$ an extension field that adjoins two of its roots $\alpha_1,\alpha_2$. I'm trying to follow the approach suggested in this question . However, with the following code:

P.<x> = QQ[]
f = x^3+2*x+5 # f = P([5,2,0,0,1]) if you want
f_roots = f.roots(QQbar, multiplicities=False)
print f_roots
alpha = f_roots[0]
beta = f_roots[1]
K = QQ[alpha,beta]
K['x'](f).is_irreducible()

But this gives the error:

ValueError: defining polynomial (x^3 + 2*x + 5) must be irreducible

Although, the polynomial is clearly irreducible over $\mathbb{Q}$. Doing it as:

P.<x> = QQ[]
f = x^3+2*x+5
f_roots = f.roots(QQbar, multiplicities=False)
alpha = f_roots[0]
K.<a> = QQ[alpha]
beta = f_roots[1]
K1.<b> = K[beta]

Gives error:

ValueError: base field and extension cannot have the same name 'a'

What is going wrong? Is this the right way to construct the extension field with two roots?

Edit

Let me emphasize that I'm looking for a method that works for an arbitrary degree not just for degree 3. My actual problem goes on a degree four polynomial. So take as an example:

f = x^4+2*x+5

instead of the previous one.

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Comments

1

May I suggest leaving the original example, and adding the new example in the "Edit" part?

slelievre gravatar imageslelievre ( 2017-12-31 16:54:23 +0100 )edit

2 Answers

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answered 2018-01-01 12:06:40 +0100

vdelecroix gravatar image

updated 2018-01-01 12:06:55 +0100

There is a simple approach that consists in using number_field_elements_from_algebraics

sage: from sage.rings.qqbar import number_field_elements_from_algebraics
sage: number_field_elements_from_algebraics([alpha, beta])
sage: K, (a,b), phi = number_field_elements_from_algebraics([alpha, beta])
sage: K   # the field
Number Field in a with defining polynomial y^6 + 12*y^4 + 36*y^2 + 707
sage: a   # alpha in K
1/90*a^4 + 1/9*a^2 + 1/2*a + 8/45
sage: b   # beta in K
1/90*a^4 + 1/9*a^2 - 1/2*a + 8/45
sage: phi(a) == alpha  and phi(b) == beta # phi is the embedding K -> QQbar
True
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answered 2017-12-31 12:43:46 +0100

updated 2017-12-31 15:50:32 +0100

This works for this particular case:

sage: P.<x> = QQ[]
sage: f = x^3+2*x+5 # f = P([5,2,0,1]) if you want
sage: f_roots = f.roots(QQbar, multiplicities=False)
sage: f_roots
[-1.328268855668609?,
 0.664134427834305? - 1.822971095411114?*I,
 0.664134427834305? + 1.822971095411114?*I]
sage: alpha = f_roots[0]
sage: K = QQ[alpha]
sage: K['x'](f).is_irreducible()
False
sage: factors = K['x'](f).factor()
sage: factors
(x - a) * (x^2 + a*x + a^2 + 2)
sage: g = factors[1][0]
sage: g
x^2 + a*x + a^2 + 2
sage: L.<b> = K.extension(g)
sage: L
Number Field in b with defining polynomial x^2 + a*x + a^2 + 2 over its base field
sage: L['x'](g).factor()
(x - b) * (x + b + a)
sage: L['x'](f).factor()
(x - b) * (x - a) * (x + b + a)
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Asked: 2017-12-31 02:49:21 +0100

Seen: 826 times

Last updated: Jan 01 '18