Convert a text file into a matrix

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There is no direct way to do that. Nevertheless, you may use the command sage_eval to convert your string to a list of lists.

sage: my_string = '[[sqrt(2),sqrt(3)], [sqrt(5),sqrt(7)]]'
sage: matrix(sage_eval(my_string))
[sqrt(2) sqrt(3)]
[sqrt(5) sqrt(7)]

Alternatively, an uglier but safer method (preventing possible evaluation of malicious code),

my_string = '[[sqrt(2),sqrt(3)], [sqrt(5),sqrt(7)]]'
matrix(filter(None, [map(SR, filter(lambda s:not s.strip() == '', l)) for l in map(lambda x:x.split(','), my_string.replace('[', '').split(']'))]))

Replace SR with whatever ring/field you want to coerce the entries into.