The first rule of a computer algebra system is that the human must go humaly as far as possible, the program a humanly meaningful path and result. In our case...
Let $N$ be the number $39\cdot 10^{96}$, and let $k$ be the number $16\cdot 10^9$. You want to calculate:
$$
A =
\frac
{N\cdot(N-1)\cdot (N-2)\cdot\dots\cdot(N-k+1)}
{N\cdot N\cdot N\cdot\dots\cdot N}
=1
\cdot
\left(1-\frac 1N\right)\cdot
\left(1-\frac 2N\right)\cdot\dots\cdot
\left(1-\frac {k-1}N\right)\ .
$$
We can try to estimate and approximate.
For instance, the product is between $1$ and $\left(1-\frac kn\right)^k$, and for the last power use Bernoulli in order to not use the computer. So a lower bound is $1-\frac {k^2}N$.
But we can do better:
$$
-\log(1-x) = x+\frac 12x^2+\frac 13x^3+\frac 14x^4+\dots
$$
so that it is for values of $x$ in our range, $|x|\le k/N$, between $x$ and $x+x^2$. (We may want to refine later, if this does not work.) Then:
$$
e^{-x-x^2}\le (1-x)\le e^{-x}\ .
$$
So our product is between the following numbers:
$$
\begin{aligned}
A_0 &:=\exp-\sum_{1\le j< k}\frac jN +\frac {j^2}{N^2}
=\exp\left(-\frac 1N k(k-1)-\frac 1{N^2}k(k-1)(2k-1)\right)\ ,\\
A_1 &:=\exp-\sum_{1\le j< k}\frac jN =\exp\left(-\frac 1N k(k-1)\right) \ .
\end{aligned}
$$
It is time to use the computer:
k, N = 16. * 10^9, 39. * 10^96
A1 = exp( -k*(k-1)/N )
A0 = A1 * exp( -k*(k-1)*(2*k-1) / N^2 )
print(f"A0 = {A0}")
print(f"A1 = {A1}")
And we get of course:
A0 = 1.00000000000000
A1 = 1.00000000000000
Because $A_1$ is in fact the exponential of the tiny number
sage: -k*(k-1)/N
-6.56410256369231e-78
and in order to also have $A_0$ we need the contribution of the tiny-tiny number...
sage: -k*(k-1)*(2*k-1)/N^2
-5.38593030850230e-165
See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stirlin...
@maxalekseyev, stirling formula is good for factorial, but sage could not calculate the exponential expression in the denominator. If you can calculate them,can you please share your code with me ?
You don't need to calculate it explicitly to get an estimation. It sounds more like a homework pen-and-paper problem than a computational one.
it is pen and paper problem with mandatory computation