First notice that for $x,y\in P$, if $x\subseteq y$ then $x\cap \overline{y}=\emptyset$ and thus $y\setminus x = \overline{x\cup\overline{y}}\in P$. It follows that each set in $P$ is formed by the disjoint union of some minimal elements of $P$, and furthermore $P$ is completely defined by the set of its minimal elements.
We can search for the set of minimal elements of $P$ among the antichains of $B_n$. A candidate antichain $a$ must satisfy the property that the complement of each element of $a$ is the disjoint union of elements of $a$.
Here is a sample code that lists such antichains.
def test(n,a):
u = Set(1..n)
for s in a:
c = u.difference(s)
for t in a:
if t.issubset(c):
c = c.difference(t)
if c.is_empty():
break
if not c.is_empty():
return False
return True
def minels(n):
for a in posets.BooleanLattice(n, use_subsets=True).antichains():
if test(n,a):
print(a)
For example, minels(4)
lists the following candidate sets of minimal elements of $P\subseteq B_4$:
[]
[{2}, {1}, {3}, {4}]
[{2}, {1}, {3, 4}]
[{2}, {3}, {1, 4}]
[{2}, {1, 3}, {4}]
[{2}, {1, 3, 4}]
[{1}, {3}, {2, 4}]
[{1}, {2, 3}, {4}]
[{1}, {2, 3, 4}]
[{1, 2}, {3}, {4}]
[{1, 2}, {1, 3}, {2, 3}, {1, 4}, {2, 4}, {3, 4}]
[{1, 2}, {1, 3}, {2, 4}, {3, 4}]
[{1, 2}, {2, 3}, {1, 4}, {3, 4}]
[{1, 2}, {3, 4}]
[{3}, {1, 2, 4}]
[{1, 3}, {2, 3}, {1, 4}, {2, 4}]
[{1, 3}, {2, 4}]
[{2, 3}, {1, 4}]
[{1, 2, 3}, {4}]
[{1, 2, 3, 4}]