Running Sage in Bash

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Find where Sage is installed, and do /path/to/sage Documents/test.py. Or add the directory containing sage to your PATH, and then do sage Documents/test.py, just like with Python.

If you have a file with Sage commands, make sure you name the file with .sage suffix.

At least in Linux, I can do this:

[bryanso@localhost ~]$ cat test.sage
f = sin(x) / x
d = diff(f, x)
show(d)

[bryanso@localhost ~]$ sage test.sage
cos(x)/x - sin(x)/x^2

Actually .py suffix should work too. I just notice this:

[bryanso@localhost ~]$ sage -help
SageMath version 8.8, Release Date: 2019-06-26

Optional arguments:
  file.[sage|py|spyx] -- run given .sage, .py or .spyx file
...

I am just learning sage, but there is yet another way to envoke sage that is even more bash-like. Assuming that sage is installed in "/usr/bin/sage" you can do:

$ cat ./sagetest.sage
#!/usr/bin/sage 
import sys
args = len(sys.argv)
if args == 2:
   arg1 = int(sys.argv[1]) # read command argument
   print(arg1) # do something with command argument

f = sin(x) / x
d = diff(f, x)
show(d)
..
Note the '#!/path/to/sage' must be on the first line of the file
You must also make the file executable before it can be run the first time
$ chmod 755 ./sagetest.sage

Now you can run the file with "./sagetest.sage" or from in your PATH environment, while even with passing it arguments like in python:
$ ./ssagetest.sage 123

@slcoleman: it's best if sage is in your PATH, and then the first line should be #!/usr/bin/env sage.