Take a screenshot, and transfer it to a windows partition/drive path?

edit

In your case, show(eq1i) opens a PDF reader with the formula typeset with LaTeX in a PDF page. I did not try this with VirtualBox, but it is likely there is no PDF reader installed in the linux virtual machine.

If you want to see your formula in a nice format inside the notebook, just click on the "Typeset" button on the top of the notebook page.

Without it, you will get something like

sage: eq1i
sqrt(1/4/x + 1)*x - 1/8*log(sqrt(1/4/x + 1) - 1) + 1/8*log(sqrt(1/4/x + 1) + 1)

With it, you will get something like:

$$ \sqrt{\frac{1}{4 \, x} + 1} x - \frac{1}{8} \, \log\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{4 \, x} + 1} - 1\right) + \frac{1}{8} \, \log\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{4 \, x} + 1} + 1\right) $$

If you want to have the same result than the one of the PDF page, you can do:

sage: latex(eq1i)

Which will return something like:

\sqrt{\frac{1}{4 \, x} + 1} x - \frac{1}{8} \,
\log\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{4 \, x} + 1} - 1\right) + \frac{1}{8} \,
\log\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{4 \, x} + 1} + 1\right)

Just copy-paste it in a LaTeX file and compile it (LaTeX runs on windows).

Otherwise, install linux (or run it from a live USB key), and copy the produced PDF file into your windows partition.