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Do you mean a basis for a Jordan normal form?

Then you can use jordan_form with transformation=True.

Example using the matrix in the question:

sage: a = matrix(ZZ, 3, [[6, -2, -1], [3, 1, -1], [2, -1, 2]])
sage: m, p = a.jordan_form(transformation=True)
sage: m
[3 1 0]
[0 3 1]
[0 0 3]
sage: p
[1 3 1]
[1 3 0]
[1 2 0]