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Maybe you get confused by the fact that gcd(0,3) equals 3. If I print each step, it works as expected.

sage: for n in range(9):
... print "n=",n
... if gcd(n,3)==3:
... print "?"
... n=n/3;
... n=n+1;
... print "*",n

n= 0
?
* 1
n= 1
* 1
n= 2
* 2
n= 3
?
* 2
n= 4
* 4
n= 5
* 5
n= 6
?
* 3
n= 7
* 7
n= 8
* 8

Maybe you get confused by the fact that gcd(0,3) equals 3. If I print each step, it works as expected.

for n in range(9):

...   range(9):
    print "n=",n

...   "n=",n
    if gcd(n,3)==3:

...   gcd(n,3)==3:
        print "?"

... "?"
   n=n/3;

... n=n/3
   n=n+1;

...   n=n+1
    print "*",n
 
"*",n

n= 0
0
?
* 1
n= 1
* 1
n= 2
* 2
n= 3
?
* 2
n= 4
* 4
n= 5
* 5
n= 6
?
* 3
n= 7
* 7
n= 8
* 8