Assigning variable values in a program

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If you're planning on running the function from say the notebook or and interactive prompt, you can do something like the following technique:

def f(n):
    for i, value in enumerate(Integer(n).digits(2)):
        globals()['x%s'%i] = value

Then, you can do something like:

sage: f(8)
sage: x0
0
sage: x3
1

A more Pythonic way to do things (without messing with the global namespace) would be something like:

def f(n):
    return Integer(n).digits(2)

and then:

sage: x = f(8)
sage: x[0]
0
sage: x[3]
1

This is probably bad style. I think it would be better to do it like Mike Hansen's second suggestion, or use a dictionary (I don't understand what you are trying to do with your function, but this just returns the hexadecimal form of your number):

sage: value_dict = dict([('x' + str(number), Integer(number).digits(16)) for number in range(129)])
sage: value_dict['x128']
[0, 8]