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Construct vectors or lists with 'for', 'if' and 'else'

asked 2021-02-10 01:55:22 +0200

phcosta gravatar image

updated 2021-02-10 01:58:02 +0200

I'm trying to generate some vectors (or lists) recursively, but I'm getting some trouble in the procedure:

def p(*t):
return SR.var(('p' + '_{}' * len(t)).format(*t))
l= Permutations(3)
for i in (1..3):
    for u in (1..3):
        p(i,u) = [1 for m in (0..5) if l[m][i-1]==u else 0]

This code below returns 'invalid syntax'. How can I generate the list p's with entrance equal to one if l[m][i-1]=u and zero in the rest? Can I generate a matrix with the same idea?

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Comments

I think you cannot use else when if comes after for in the list comprehension. Try [ int( l[m][i-1]==u ) for m in (0..5) ] instead.

Max Alekseyev gravatar imageMax Alekseyev ( 2021-02-10 02:07:59 +0200 )edit

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answered 2021-02-10 03:05:03 +0200

slelievre gravatar image

updated 2021-02-10 03:07:04 +0200

Maybe the following does what you want?

sage: p = dict()
sage: P = Permutations(3)
sage: for i in (1 .. 3):
....:     for u in (1 .. 3):
....:         p[i, u] = [1 if P[m][i-1] == u else 0 for m in (0 .. 5)]

Usage:

sage: p
{(1, 1): [1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0],
 (1, 2): [0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0],
 (1, 3): [0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1],
 (2, 1): [0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0],
 (2, 2): [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
 (2, 3): [0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0],
 (3, 1): [0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1],
 (3, 2): [0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0],
 (3, 3): [1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0]}

sage: p[2, 3]
[0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0]

Note that you could replace

p[i, u] = [1 if P[m][i-1] == u else 0 for m in (0 .. 5)]

by

p[i, u] = [Integer(P[m][i-1] == u) for m in (0 .. 5)]
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Comments

Your error was the consequence of a weird grammatical trick of Python. If ifcomes alone the syntax is :

stuff... if ... for...

but in the presence of an else the order is inversed

stuff... for ... if... else...

It helps to remember this.

Cyrille gravatar imageCyrille ( 2021-02-10 08:33:28 +0200 )edit

Nope (at least for Python 3-based Sage) :

sage: [u for u in (1..10) if u.is_prime()]
[2, 3, 5, 7]
sage: [u if u.is_prime() for u in (1..10)]
  File "<ipython-input-16-1654bfae669e>", line 1
    [u if u.is_prime() for u in (ellipsis_iter(Integer(1),Ellipsis,Integer(10)))]
                       ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
Emmanuel Charpentier gravatar imageEmmanuel Charpentier ( 2021-02-10 09:18:26 +0200 )edit

Thank you for the help.

phcosta gravatar imagephcosta ( 2021-02-10 13:58:45 +0200 )edit

What comes before for is considered a function, and it cannot contain if without else since it'd would not be well defined. So, [u if u.is_prime() for u in (1..10)] is invalid construction, but [u if u.is_prime() else 0 for u in (1..10)] is fine. Please notice that this is different from the case when if comes afterfor, when it's used for filtering of function arguments and cannot be followed by else.

Max Alekseyev gravatar imageMax Alekseyev ( 2021-02-10 15:49:05 +0200 )edit

Is there an easy way to say that some element is different from another?

phcosta gravatar imagephcosta ( 2021-02-11 22:56:39 +0200 )edit

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Asked: 2021-02-10 01:55:22 +0200

Seen: 397 times

Last updated: Feb 10 '21