# roots of polynomial

f= z^3 + (3a + 4)z^2 + 3z + 3a + 2 # z is variable f1=f.roots() [(3a + 1, 1), (2a, 2)]# what is 1 and 2 represent in the bracket

edit retag close merge delete

To display inline code, like expr = x*y*z, use backticks.

For instance, compare the input and output without backticks:

Having defined expr = x*y*z, how do I recover the individual factors?


Having defined expr = xyz, how do I recover the individual factors?

to the ones with backticks:

Having defined expr = x*y*z, how do I recover the individual factors?


Having defined expr = x*y*z, how do I recover the individual factors?

Notice how in one case the * are preserved, while in the other case they just make the y italics.

( 2019-06-10 13:06:03 +0200 )edit

To display blocks of code or error messages, skip a line above and below, and do one of the following (all give the same result):

• indent all code lines with 4 spaces
• select all code lines and click the "code" button (the icon with '101 010')
• select all code lines and hit ctrl-K

For instance, typing

If we define f by

def f(x, y, z):
return x * y * z

then f(2, 3, 5) returns 30 but f(2*3*5) gives:

TypeError: f() takes exactly 3 arguments (1 given)


produces:

If we define f by

def f(x, y, z):
return x * y * z


then f(2, 3, 5) returns 30 but f(2*3*5) gives:

TypeError: f() takes exactly 3 arguments (1 given)

( 2019-06-10 13:06:24 +0200 )edit

Could you edit your question to take these points into account?

Please also keep that in mind for future questions.

It makes the code display correctly, and makes it possible to copy and paste.

In that way it helps other users who try to answer your questions.

( 2019-06-10 13:08:16 +0200 )edit

Please include complete code that allows to reproduce the input and output in the question.

For example, you probably defined a in some way, which you did not provide.

( 2019-06-10 13:13:27 +0200 )edit

Sort by » oldest newest most voted

It is the multiplicity of the respective root. Try factoring the polynomial with f.factor() and you will see.

more

Whenever in doubt about the output of a function, use help or ? to check its documentation.

Here, you can do:

sage: help(f.roots)
sage: f.roots?


and this will display the documentation for f.roots, which documents that it returns pairs (root, multiplicity), and explains how to use an optional argument to not display the mutiplicities.

To skip the multiplicities:

f.roots(multiplicities=False)
`
more

Please start posting anonymously - your entry will be published after you log in or create a new account.

## Stats

Asked: 2019-06-09 07:17:00 +0200

Seen: 117 times

Last updated: Jun 10 '19