# factorization on number fields

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I am trying to factor a division polynomial on a number field and I get the following error. "PariError: inconsistent concatenation t_COL (16 elts) , t_VEC (8 elts)" Could you please tell me how I can rectify it?

Thank you very much in advance!

Here is the code I am trying to compile:

K.<rho> = NumberField(x^16 - 7x^12 + 48x^8 - 7x^4 + 1) Kx.<x> = K[] P = 2x^24 - 220779/1250x^22 + 10143441/15625x^21 - 142856857143/25000000x^20 + 131732868267/19531250x^19 + 31020130846593/5000000000x^18 + 13930920190065879/1562500000000x^17 - 421500204770774287041/5000000000000000x^16 - 31485474287738310861/976562500000000x^15 + 2518173788725346513398533/6250000000000000000x^14 - 582641643196535738602059/3125000000000000000x^13 - 73639749524289565897523550321/125000000000000000000000x^12 + 20820019744955833474743619767/48828125000000000000000x^11 + 300689661910158431801904075908157/625000000000000000000000000x^10 - 4454385478020717587635582204420833/7812500000000000000000000000x^9 + 16361877508124295728413974125123451/400000000000000000000000000000x^8 + 1573027301404166809168217933184311901/9765625000000000000000000000000x^7 - 11987294796540068181333112421577867214431/125000000000000000000000000000000000x^6 + 113700674422931989849194398791831231927941/1562500000000000000000000000000000000x^5 - 168139864900386988616344904823569275391618007/2500000000000000000000000000000000000000x^4 + 2632186130949079940307397635576696383706753/78125000000000000000000000000000000000x^3 - 116064304293562967834364362386796558774110963539/12500000000000000000000000000000000000000000x^2 + 206061630034967578571315740889755584982886782011/156250000000000000000000000000000000000000000x - 30099620598750107945851944211328293200688722593391/500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

print P.parent()==Kx

print P.roots()

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For instance, typing

If we define f by

def f(x, y):
return (x, y)

then f(2, 3) returns (2, 3) but f(2) gives:

TypeError: f() takes exactly 2 arguments (1 given)

produces:

If we define f by

def f(x, y):
return (x, y)

then f(2, 3) returns (2, 3) but f(2) gives:

TypeError: f() takes exactly 2 arguments (1 given)

( 2017-12-12 23:15:02 -0600 )edit

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( 2017-12-12 23:15:23 -0600 )edit

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The final message of the question is to find the roots. (Not to avoid an error, i had to wait some time, no result and no error were shown.)

Sometimes is better to break somehow / anyhow the polynomials, if possible, so that the algorithms used certainly use the simpler pieces. (We always suppose this is the case, but...)

The following code uses as input a polynomial Q, note that the posted P is related to Q via:

# P = 2 * Q( 100*x ) / 10^48

The following code then finds the roots in the given field without waiting. The trick was to use the intermediate field obtained from the posted polynomial by substituting x^4 to a new variable.

The code is:

R.<x> = QQ[]
Q = ( x^24
- 883116*x^22
+ 324590112*x^21
- 285713714286*x^20
+ 33723614276352*x^19
+ 3102013084659300*x^18
+ 445789446082108128*x^17
- 421500204770774287041*x^16
- 16120562835322015160832*x^15
+ 20145390309802772107188264*x^14
- 932226629114457181763294400*x^13
- 294558998097158263590094201284*x^12
+ 21319700218834773478137466641408*x^11
+ 2405517295281267454415232607265256*x^10
- 285080670593325925608677261082933312*x^9
+ 2045234688515536966051746765640431375*x^8
+ 805389978318933406294127581790367693312*x^7
- 47949179186160272725332449686311468857724*x^6
+ 3638421581533823675174220761338599421694112*x^5
- 336279729800773977232689809647138550783236014*x^4
+ 16845991238074111617967344867690856855723219200*x^3
- 464257217174251871337457449547186235096443854156*x^2
+ 6593972161118962514282103708472178719452377024352*x
- 30099620598750107945851944211328293200688722593391 )

# P = 2 * Q( 100*x ) / 10^48

L.<u> = NumberField( x^4  - 7*x^3  + 48*x^2 - 7*x   + 1)
K.<t> = NumberField( x^16 - 7*x^12 + 48*x^8 - 7*x^4 + 1)
emb   = [ emb for emb in L.embeddings(K) if emb(u) == t^4 ][0]

RL.<X> = L[]
RK.<Y> = K[]

print "Q has the following roots in L:"
for root in Q.roots( ring=L, multiplicities=False ):
print root

print "\nQ has the following factors in L[X]:"
for f, mul in RL(Q).factor():
print
print f

fcoeffs = f.coefficients( sparse=False )
g = sum( [ emb( fcoeffs[k] ) * Y^k for k in range(len(fcoeffs)) ] )
print "image of f is g, the following polynomial:"
print g
print "roots of g in K:"
for root in g.roots( ring=K, multiplicities=False ):
print root

The results are not shown here.

But in order to see why it works, here is the intermediate step:

sage: for f, mul in RL(Q).factor():
....:     print f
....:
X - 15/4*u^3 - 123/4
X - 3/4*u^3 - 351/4
X + 3/4*u^3 + 615/4
X + 15/4*u^3 + 4707/4
X^2 + (-24*u^3 + 168*u^2 - 1128*u + 150)*X + 2448*u^3 - 17136*u^2 + 115056*u - 7479
X^2 + (-u^3 - 275)*X + 102*u^3 + 35871
X^2 + (u^3 + 47)*X - 102*u^3 + 3027
X^2 + (24*u^3 - 168*u^2 + 1128*u - 18)*X - 2448*u^3 + 17136*u^2 - 115056*u + 9657
X^4 - 948*X^3 + 25974*X^2 + 10203948*X - 81103599
X^4 + (-84*u^3 + 576*u^2 - 4032*u + 216)*X^3 + (3024*u^3 - 20736*u^2 + 145152*u - 15930)*X^2 + (474012*u^3 - 3250368*u^2 + 22752576*u + 3635496)*X + 9330552*u^3 - 63980928*u^2 + 447866496*u - 210398391
X^4 + (84*u^3 - 576*u^2 + 4032*u - 384)*X^3 + (-3024*u^3 + 20736*u^2 - 145152*u + 5670)*X^2 + (-474012*u^3 + 3250368*u^2 - 22752576*u + 7021296)*X - 9330552*u^3 + 63980928*u^2 - 447866496*u - 143751591

Now pari has a much simpler job to find the roots. The above factors over L are moved to polynomials over K, their roots are calculated immediately...

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