|   | 1 |  initial version  | 
If /usr/bin/sage comes from a package install, it should disapear when the package that provides this file is removed. Hence, i bet that this binary comes from a depedency of sagemath, probably sagemath-common since /usr/bin/sage is a shell script hence architecture independent. So, you could let the distro remove that file by removing the trailing dependencies, by running apt-get autoremove.
Regarding your own  compiled version of Sage, you should better symlink from  /usr/local/bin to keep distribution-related and  self-compiled software separated. This is also in the default PATH, so it will work the same, just a little bit cleaner.
 Copyright Sage, 2010. Some rights reserved under creative commons license. Content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 3.0 license.
 
                
                Copyright Sage, 2010. Some rights reserved under creative commons license. Content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 3.0 license.