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Sage sets the domain of all variables to complex when initializing Maxima. You can get the same result as Sage by doing this manually on the Maxima prompt:

$ ./sage -maxima
;;; Loading #P"/home/burcin/sage/sage-5.5.rc0/local/lib/ecl/sb-bsd-sockets.fas"
;;; Loading #P"/home/burcin/sage/sage-5.5.rc0/local/lib/ecl/sockets.fas"
;;; Loading #P"/home/burcin/sage/sage-5.5.rc0/local/lib/ecl/defsystem.fas"
;;; Loading #P"/home/burcin/sage/sage-5.5.rc0/local/lib/ecl/cmp.fas"
Maxima 5.26.0 http://maxima.sourceforge.net
using Lisp ECL 11.1.1
Distributed under the GNU Public License. See the file COPYING.
Dedicated to the memory of William Schelter.
The function bug_report() provides bug reporting information.
(%i1) domain: complex;
(%o1)                               complex
(%i2) load(fourier_elim);
(%o2) /home/burcin/sage/sage-5.5.rc0/local/share/maxima/5.26.0/share/contrib/f\
ourier_elim/fourier_elim.lisp
(%i3) fourier_elim([x^2*y^2 <= x^2*y, x^2*y^2 > x^2*y],[x,y]);
(%o3)           [x = 0, 1 < y, 0 # 0] or [x = 0, y < 0, 0 # 0]

If you want to take a look at the code, Maxima initialization is done at the beginning of sage/interfaces/maxima_lib.py. Line 141 has the default options set by Sage.