Okay, this is actually well documented, though the actual behavior of Piecewise functions leaves a lot to be desired (as the original implementor, David Joyner, would be the first to admit) - nonetheless you can do a fair amount with them, though sometimes not with the same syntax as the rest of Sage.
Try
sage: sage.functions.piecewise??
as well as the documentation for Piecewise and PiecewisePolynomial.
Copyright Sage, 2010. Some rights reserved under creative commons license. Content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 3.0 license.